자바 Swing: for문으로 만든 컴포넌트에 접근 + 예제: 틱택토(Tic Tac Toe)

이전 글: Java Swing 예제: 다차원 배열 표시하기 (기초 설정 방법, for문으로 swing 요소 반복 등)

for문으로 생성한 컴포넌트에 대한 접근 방법은 다음과 같습니다.

1. 컴포넌트들의 배열을 뽑아 인덱스 번호로 접근하는 방법

JPanel nineRoom = new JPanel();
(...)
  for(int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
    JButton tempButton = new JButton("");
    tempButton.setFont(new Font("Impact", Font.PLAIN, 22));
    nineRoom.add(tempButton);
  }
    
(...)
String btnText1 = ((JButton)nineRoom.getComponent(0)).getText();
String btnText2 = ((JButton)nineRoom.getComponent(1)).getText();
(...)

2. 마우스 클릭 이벤트를 각 버튼마다 부여해 클릭한 위치값으로 컴포넌트를 얻어내는 방법

MouseListener ml = new MouseAdapter() {
  @Override
  public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
    JButton tempButton = (JButton)e.getComponent();
    tempButton.setText("바꿀 텍스트");
(...)
  }
}

* 이벤트 부여 방법

for(Component c : nineRoom.getComponents()) {
  c.addMouseListener(ml);
}

예제: 틱택토(Tic Tac Toe)

틱택토라고 3칸오목짜리 게임이 있는데 프로그래밍 예제로 많이 만드는 편입니다. 이 예제는 인공지능 컴퓨터와 대결하는 것은 아니고 아직은 한 사람이 일인이역으로 클릭하는 수준입니다.

	package blog.gui.tictactoe;

	import java.awt.BorderLayout;
	import java.awt.Component;
	import java.awt.Font;
	import java.awt.GridLayout;
	import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
	import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
	import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
	import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
	import java.awt.event.MouseListener;

	import javax.swing.JButton;
	import javax.swing.JFrame;
	import javax.swing.JLabel;
	import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
	import javax.swing.JPanel;
	import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;

	public class TicTacToe1 extends JFrame {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	JLabel title = new JLabel("TicTacToe \| ");
	JLabel dispCurrentPlayer = new JLabel("Player 0");
	private int score1 = 0;
	private int score2 = 0;
	JLabel scoreLabel = new JLabel(" \| " + score1 + " : " + score2);
	JButton startNewGame = new JButton("새 게임 시작");

	JPanel titleBar = new JPanel();
	JPanel nineRoom = new JPanel();

	private final int START_PLAYER = 1;
	private boolean isGameEnd = false;
	TicTacToeCore ttt = new TicTacToeCore(START_PLAYER);

	public TicTacToe1(){
	super("TicTacToe");
	this.setSize(400,300);
	this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
	this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

	this.drawWindow();
	this.setVisible(true);

	}

	public void drawWindow() {
	titleBar.add(title);
	titleBar.add(dispCurrentPlayer);
	titleBar.add(scoreLabel);
	titleBar.add(startNewGame);

	dispCurrentPlayer.setText("Player " + START_PLAYER);
	add(titleBar, BorderLayout.NORTH);

	nineRoom.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,3));
	for(int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
	JButton tempButton = new JButton("");
	tempButton.setFont(new Font("Impact", Font.PLAIN, 22));
	nineRoom.add(tempButton);
	}

	add(nineRoom, BorderLayout.CENTER);

	MouseListener ml = new MouseAdapter() {
	@Override
	public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
	JButton tempButton = (JButton)e.getComponent();
	// System.out.println(ttt.getCurrentPlayerNum());
	if(isGameEnd) {
	return;
	}
	if(tempButton.getText().equals("O") \|\| tempButton.getText().equals("X")) {
	JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(nineRoom, "이미 둔 곳입니다.");
	return;
	}
	else if(ttt.getCurrentPlayerNum() == 1) {
	tempButton.setText("O");
	dispCurrentPlayer.setText("Player " + 2);
	} else {
	tempButton.setText("X");
	dispCurrentPlayer.setText("Player " + 1);
	}
	ttt.changeTurn();
	System.out.print("(" + e.getX() + ", " + e.getY() + ") ");

	int[][] ticArr = new int[3][3];
	for(int i = 0; i < ticArr.length; i++) {
	for(int j = 0; j < ticArr[0].length; j++) {
	String pl = ((JButton)nineRoom.getComponent(j + i * 3)).getText();
	if(pl.equals("O")) ticArr[i][j] = 1;
	else if(pl.equals("X")) ticArr[i][j] = 2;
	else ticArr[i][j] = 0;
	}
	}
	int result = ttt.inputCurrentStage(ticArr);
	System.out.println("result: " + result);
	if(result == 1 \|\| result == 2) {
	JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(nineRoom, "플레이어 " + result + "의 승리입니다.");
	if(result == 1) {
	score1++;
	} else {
	score2++;
	}
	scoreLabel.setText(" \| " + score1 + " : " + score2);
	isGameEnd = true;
	} else if (result == 99) {
	JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(nineRoom, "비겼습니다.");
	isGameEnd = true;
	}

	}
	};

	for(Component c : nineRoom.getComponents()) {
	c.addMouseListener(ml);
	}

	startNewGame.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
	@Override
	public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
	ttt.resetGame(START_PLAYER);
	isGameEnd = false;
	for(int i = 0; i < nineRoom.getComponents().length; i++) {
	((JButton)nineRoom.getComponent(i)).setText("");
	}

	}
	});

	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
	// 그래픽 전용 thread 사용하기
	SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Thread()
	{
	public void run() {
	new TicTacToe1();
	}
	});
	}

	}

view raw

TicTacToe1.java

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	package blog.gui.tictactoe;

	public class TicTacToeCore {

	private int currentPlayerNum;
	private boolean isGameOver = false;
	private int[][] endStage;
	private int currentTurn = 1;

	public TicTacToeCore(int currentPlayerNum) {
	this.currentPlayerNum = currentPlayerNum;
	}

	public void changeTurn() {
	currentPlayerNum = (currentPlayerNum == 1) ? 2 : 1;
	}

	public int getCurrentPlayerNum() {
	return currentPlayerNum;
	}

	public void setCurrentPlayerNum(int currentPlayerNum) {
	this.currentPlayerNum = currentPlayerNum;
	}

	public int[][] getEndStage() {
	return endStage;
	}

	/**
	*
	* @param currentStage
	* @return -99: 게임종료됨, 1: 플레이어 1 승리, 2: 플레이어 2 승리, 0: 진행중, 99: 비김(draw)
	*/
	public int inputCurrentStage(int[][] currentStage) {
	// 게임이 끝났다면 더 이상 진행하는 의미가 없으므로 판단 중단
	if(isGameOver) {
	return -99;
	}


	for(int i = 0; i < currentStage.length; i++) {
	String rowStr = "";
	String colStr = "";
	String diagStr1 = "";
	String diagStr2 = "";
	for(int j = 0; j < currentStage[i].length; j++) {
	rowStr += (currentStage[i][j] + "");
	colStr += (currentStage[j][i] + "");
	}
	for(int j = 0; j < currentStage.length; j++) {
	diagStr1 += currentStage[j][j];
	diagStr2 += currentStage[j][2 – j];
	}

	// 가로 판단

	if(isThisPlayerWin(2, rowStr, colStr, diagStr1, diagStr2)) {
	isGameOver = true;
	endStage = currentStage;
	return 2;
	} else if(isThisPlayerWin(1, rowStr, colStr, diagStr1, diagStr2)) {
	isGameOver = true;
	endStage = currentStage;
	return 1;
	} else if(currentTurn == 9) {
	return 99;
	} else {
	continue;
	}
	}
	currentTurn++;
	return 0;
	}

	private boolean isThisPlayerWin(int playerNum, String rowFrag, String colFrag, String diagFrag1, String diagFrag2) {
	String p = String.valueOf(playerNum);
	boolean result = false;
	String[] arr = {rowFrag, colFrag, diagFrag1, diagFrag2};
	for(int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
	result = !arr[i].contains("0") && arr[i].equals(p + p + p);
	if (result) return result;
	}
	return result;
	}

	public void resetGame(int currentPlayerNum) {
	this.isGameOver = false;
	this.currentPlayerNum = currentPlayerNum;
	this.endStage = null;
	this.currentTurn = 1;
	}

	}